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      "text": "学科07：认知心理学重要模型",
      "anchor": "学科07认知心理学重要模型",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E5%AD%A6%E7%A7%9107%E8%AE%A4%E7%9F%A5%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E9%87%8D%E8%A6%81%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "对于自我和世界感觉、记忆、理解、思考进行研究的一门学问",
      "anchor": "对于自我和世界感觉记忆理解思考进行研究的一门学问",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E5%AF%B9%E4%BA%8E%E8%87%AA%E6%88%91%E5%92%8C%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%84%9F%E8%A7%89%E8%AE%B0%E5%BF%86%E7%90%86%E8%A7%A3%E6%80%9D%E8%80%83%E8%BF%9B%E8%A1%8C%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%80%E9%97%A8%E5%AD%A6%E9%97%AE"
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      "text": "《认知心理学》——上海人民出版社第八版",
      "anchor": "认知心理学上海人民出版社第八版",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E8%AE%A4%E7%9F%A5%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AB%E7%89%88"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "认知过程的分析框架：人类记忆处理过程模型 心理学家阿特金森与希夫林",
      "anchor": "认知过程的分析框架人类记忆处理过程模型-心理学家阿特金森与希夫林",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E8%AE%A4%E7%9F%A5%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B%E7%9A%84%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E8%AE%B0%E5%BF%86%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B-%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6%E9%98%BF%E7%89%B9%E9%87%91%E6%A3%AE%E4%B8%8E%E5%B8%8C%E5%A4%AB%E6%9E%97"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "感觉存储",
      "anchor": "感觉存储",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E6%84%9F%E8%A7%89%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8"
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    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "感觉存储的漏斗",
      "anchor": "感觉存储的漏斗",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E6%84%9F%E8%A7%89%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E7%9A%84%E6%BC%8F%E6%96%97"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "感觉存储过程中的语义屏蔽",
      "anchor": "感觉存储过程中的语义屏蔽",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E6%84%9F%E8%A7%89%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%AD%E4%B9%89%E5%B1%8F%E8%94%BD"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "理解",
      "anchor": "理解",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E7%90%86%E8%A7%A3"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "你的感觉存储系统，根本就没有办法把信号传进短时记忆里，如果这一层都做不到的话就更不用说后面的记忆、分析、理解、判断。",
      "anchor": "你的感觉存储系统根本就没有办法把信号传进短时记忆里如果这一层都做不到的话就更不用说后面的记忆分析理解判断",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E4%BD%A0%E7%9A%84%E6%84%9F%E8%A7%89%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%A0%B9%E6%9C%AC%E5%B0%B1%E6%B2%A1%E6%9C%89%E5%8A%9E%E6%B3%95%E6%8A%8A%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E4%BC%A0%E8%BF%9B%E7%9F%AD%E6%97%B6%E8%AE%B0%E5%BF%86%E9%87%8C%E5%A6%82%E6%9E%9C%E8%BF%99%E4%B8%80%E5%B1%82%E9%83%BD%E5%81%9A%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%B0%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%9D%E5%B0%B1%E6%9B%B4%E4%B8%8D%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%B4%E5%90%8E%E9%9D%A2%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%B0%E5%BF%86%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E7%90%86%E8%A7%A3%E5%88%A4%E6%96%AD"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "eg.卷积神经网络的释义：字字认识，但是还是看不懂",
      "anchor": "eg卷积神经网络的释义字字认识但是还是看不懂",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#eg%E5%8D%B7%E7%A7%AF%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8A%E4%B9%89%E5%AD%97%E5%AD%97%E8%AE%A4%E8%AF%86%E4%BD%86%E6%98%AF%E8%BF%98%E6%98%AF%E7%9C%8B%E4%B8%8D%E6%87%82"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "术语认知过程中的语义屏蔽的利用",
      "anchor": "术语认知过程中的语义屏蔽的利用",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%AD%E8%AE%A4%E7%9F%A5%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%AD%E4%B9%89%E5%B1%8F%E8%94%BD%E7%9A%84%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "启发",
      "anchor": "启发",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E5%90%AF%E5%8F%91"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "学习术语的使用，快速入门行业的方法：参加两次业内人士的聚会",
      "anchor": "学习术语的使用快速入门行业的方法参加两次业内人士的聚会",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E6%9C%AF%E8%AF%AD%E7%9A%84%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E5%BF%AB%E9%80%9F%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%9A%E7%9A%84%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E5%8F%82%E5%8A%A0%E4%B8%A4%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%9A%E5%86%85%E4%BA%BA%E5%A3%AB%E7%9A%84%E8%81%9A%E4%BC%9A"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "短时记忆",
      "anchor": "短时记忆",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E7%9F%AD%E6%97%B6%E8%AE%B0%E5%BF%86"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "詹姆斯记忆系统模型",
      "anchor": "詹姆斯记忆系统模型",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E8%AE%B0%E5%BF%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "短时回忆实验3s和12s为关键回忆时间点",
      "anchor": "短时回忆实验3s和12s为关键回忆时间点",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E7%9F%AD%E6%97%B6%E5%9B%9E%E5%BF%86%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C3s%E5%92%8C12s%E4%B8%BA%E5%85%B3%E9%94%AE%E5%9B%9E%E5%BF%86%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E7%82%B9"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "首因近因效应",
      "anchor": "首因近因效应",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E9%A6%96%E5%9B%A0%E8%BF%91%E5%9B%A0%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "开头和结尾的内容最容易被记住",
      "anchor": "开头和结尾的内容最容易被记住",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E5%BC%80%E5%A4%B4%E5%92%8C%E7%BB%93%E5%B0%BE%E7%9A%84%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9%E6%9C%80%E5%AE%B9%E6%98%93%E8%A2%AB%E8%AE%B0%E4%BD%8F"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "雷斯多夫效应",
      "anchor": "雷斯多夫效应",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E9%9B%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%9A%E5%A4%AB%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "如果一堆普遍的事物中突显一个怪异的个例，那么个例更容易被记住",
      "anchor": "如果一堆普遍的事物中突显一个怪异的个例那么个例更容易被记住",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E5%A6%82%E6%9E%9C%E4%B8%80%E5%A0%86%E6%99%AE%E9%81%8D%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%8B%E7%89%A9%E4%B8%AD%E7%AA%81%E6%98%BE%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E6%80%AA%E5%BC%82%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%AA%E4%BE%8B%E9%82%A3%E4%B9%88%E4%B8%AA%E4%BE%8B%E6%9B%B4%E5%AE%B9%E6%98%93%E8%A2%AB%E8%AE%B0%E4%BD%8F"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "控制处理器",
      "anchor": "控制处理器",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86%E5%99%A8"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "选择性注意",
      "anchor": "选择性注意",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9%E6%80%A7%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8F"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "理解",
      "anchor": "理解-1",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E7%90%86%E8%A7%A3-1"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "鸡尾酒会现象",
      "anchor": "鸡尾酒会现象",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E9%B8%A1%E5%B0%BE%E9%85%92%E4%BC%9A%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "确保他人明白你的表达：复述",
      "anchor": "确保他人明白你的表达复述",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E7%A1%AE%E4%BF%9D%E4%BB%96%E4%BA%BA%E6%98%8E%E7%99%BD%E4%BD%A0%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%A8%E8%BE%BE%E5%A4%8D%E8%BF%B0"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "团队管理技巧：如何帮助下属成长",
      "anchor": "团队管理技巧如何帮助下属成长",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E5%9B%A2%E9%98%9F%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A7%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E5%B8%AE%E5%8A%A9%E4%B8%8B%E5%B1%9E%E6%88%90%E9%95%BF"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "刻意选择",
      "anchor": "刻意选择",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E5%88%BB%E6%84%8F%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "随意选择",
      "anchor": "随意选择",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E9%9A%8F%E6%84%8F%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "意识",
      "anchor": "意识",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E6%84%8F%E8%AF%86"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "AWAREness模型",
      "anchor": "awareness模型",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#awareness%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "注意（attention）",
      "anchor": "注意attention",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8Fattention"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "专注力",
      "anchor": "专注力",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E4%B8%93%E6%B3%A8%E5%8A%9B"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "觉醒（wakefulness）",
      "anchor": "觉醒wakefulness",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E8%A7%89%E9%86%92wakefulness"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "大脑的清醒程度（状态）",
      "anchor": "大脑的清醒程度状态",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E5%A4%A7%E8%84%91%E7%9A%84%E6%B8%85%E9%86%92%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%A6%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "构筑（architecture）",
      "anchor": "构筑architecture",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E6%9E%84%E7%AD%91architecture"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "承载我们意识的具体大脑位置",
      "anchor": "承载我们意识的具体大脑位置",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E6%89%BF%E8%BD%BD%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC%E6%84%8F%E8%AF%86%E7%9A%84%E5%85%B7%E4%BD%93%E5%A4%A7%E8%84%91%E4%BD%8D%E7%BD%AE"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "知识（recall of knowledge）",
      "anchor": "知识recall-of-knowledge",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86recall-of-knowledge"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "自我知识",
      "anchor": "自我知识",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E8%87%AA%E6%88%91%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "世界知识",
      "anchor": "世界知识",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "情感（emotive)",
      "anchor": "情感emotive",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E6%83%85%E6%84%9Femotive"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "事物都有的色彩",
      "anchor": "事物都有的色彩",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E4%BA%8B%E7%89%A9%E9%83%BD%E6%9C%89%E7%9A%84%E8%89%B2%E5%BD%A9"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "意识的功能",
      "anchor": "意识的功能",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E6%84%8F%E8%AF%86%E7%9A%84%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "元认知：自省",
      "anchor": "元认知自省",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E5%85%83%E8%AE%A4%E7%9F%A5%E8%87%AA%E7%9C%81"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "理解：另外一个我在观察那个正在认识世界的我，同时也在观察那个我在认识世界的过程",
      "anchor": "理解另外一个我在观察那个正在认识世界的我同时也在观察那个我在认识世界的过程",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E7%90%86%E8%A7%A3%E5%8F%A6%E5%A4%96%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E6%88%91%E5%9C%A8%E8%A7%82%E5%AF%9F%E9%82%A3%E4%B8%AA%E6%AD%A3%E5%9C%A8%E8%AE%A4%E8%AF%86%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9A%84%E6%88%91%E5%90%8C%E6%97%B6%E4%B9%9F%E5%9C%A8%E8%A7%82%E5%AF%9F%E9%82%A3%E4%B8%AA%E6%88%91%E5%9C%A8%E8%AE%A4%E8%AF%86%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%9A%84%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "功能：无限叠加层次性",
      "anchor": "功能无限叠加层次性",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%97%A0%E9%99%90%E5%8F%A0%E5%8A%A0%E5%B1%82%E6%AC%A1%E6%80%A7"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "方法：丰田5why分析法",
      "anchor": "方法丰田5why分析法",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E4%B8%B0%E7%94%B05why%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E6%B3%95"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "长时记忆",
      "anchor": "长时记忆",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E9%95%BF%E6%97%B6%E8%AE%B0%E5%BF%86"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "外显记忆（what）（知）",
      "anchor": "外显记忆what知",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E5%A4%96%E6%98%BE%E8%AE%B0%E5%BF%86what%E7%9F%A5"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "理解：自行车有两个轮子，一个车把和一个车身框架，留在大脑新皮质",
      "anchor": "理解自行车有两个轮子一个车把和一个车身框架留在大脑新皮质",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E7%90%86%E8%A7%A3%E8%87%AA%E8%A1%8C%E8%BD%A6%E6%9C%89%E4%B8%A4%E4%B8%AA%E8%BD%AE%E5%AD%90%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E8%BD%A6%E6%8A%8A%E5%92%8C%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E8%BD%A6%E8%BA%AB%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6%E7%95%99%E5%9C%A8%E5%A4%A7%E8%84%91%E6%96%B0%E7%9A%AE%E8%B4%A8"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "分类",
      "anchor": "分类",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "情景记忆",
      "anchor": "情景记忆",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E6%83%85%E6%99%AF%E8%AE%B0%E5%BF%86"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "text": "语义记忆",
      "anchor": "语义记忆",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E8%AF%AD%E4%B9%89%E8%AE%B0%E5%BF%86"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "内隐记忆（how）（行）",
      "anchor": "内隐记忆how行",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E5%86%85%E9%9A%90%E8%AE%B0%E5%BF%86how%E8%A1%8C"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "理解：但骑车只能通过实际去做才能表明我们知道怎么骑，留在的脑边缘系统和小脑里头",
      "anchor": "理解但骑车只能通过实际去做才能表明我们知道怎么骑留在的脑边缘系统和小脑里头",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E7%90%86%E8%A7%A3%E4%BD%86%E9%AA%91%E8%BD%A6%E5%8F%AA%E8%83%BD%E9%80%9A%E8%BF%87%E5%AE%9E%E9%99%85%E5%8E%BB%E5%81%9A%E6%89%8D%E8%83%BD%E8%A1%A8%E6%98%8E%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC%E7%9F%A5%E9%81%93%E6%80%8E%E4%B9%88%E9%AA%91%E7%95%99%E5%9C%A8%E7%9A%84%E8%84%91%E8%BE%B9%E7%BC%98%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%92%8C%E5%B0%8F%E8%84%91%E9%87%8C%E5%A4%B4"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "遗忘",
      "anchor": "遗忘",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E9%81%97%E5%BF%98"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线",
      "anchor": "艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E8%89%BE%E5%AE%BE%E6%B5%A9%E6%96%AF%E9%81%97%E5%BF%98%E6%9B%B2%E7%BA%BF"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "记忆与时间",
      "anchor": "记忆与时间",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E8%AE%B0%E5%BF%86%E4%B8%8E%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "耶克斯—道森法则",
      "anchor": "耶克斯道森法则",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E8%80%B6%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E9%81%93%E6%A3%AE%E6%B3%95%E5%88%99"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "text": "记忆与压力",
      "anchor": "记忆与压力",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E8%AE%B0%E5%BF%86%E4%B8%8E%E5%8E%8B%E5%8A%9B"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "认知系统",
      "anchor": "认知系统",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E8%AE%A4%E7%9F%A5%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "头脑不清醒",
      "anchor": "头脑不清醒",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E5%A4%B4%E8%84%91%E4%B8%8D%E6%B8%85%E9%86%92"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "text": "如何让头脑保持清醒",
      "anchor": "如何让头脑保持清醒",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/mental-models-07-cognitive-psychology/#%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E8%AE%A9%E5%A4%B4%E8%84%91%E4%BF%9D%E6%8C%81%E6%B8%85%E9%86%92"
    }
  ],
  "claims": [],
  "outgoing": [],
  "incoming": [
    {
      "id": "note:courses-books-general-knowledge",
      "title": "课程、书籍与通识材料",
      "url": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/courses-books-general-knowledge/",
      "atlas": "https://www.pystone.net/?node=courses-books-general-knowledge#knowledge-atlas",
      "label": "课程、书籍与通识材料",
      "origin": "explicit",
      "humanReviewed": true,
      "context": "林超通识课/分拆文件中的“学科07：认知心理学重要模型”导航项",
      "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/courses-books-general-knowledge/#%E6%9E%97%E8%B6%85%E9%80%9A%E8%AF%86%E8%AF%BE%E5%88%86%E6%8B%86%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6"
    }
  ],
  "contentMarkdown": "学科07：认知心理学重要模型\n\n# 学科07：认知心理学重要模型\n## 对于自我和世界感觉、记忆、理解、思考进行研究的一门学问\n\n## 《认知心理学》——上海人民出版社第八版\n\n## 认知过程的分析框架：人类记忆处理过程模型 心理学家阿特金森与希夫林\n\n![](assets/1641364080008102_Copy_100.png)\n\n## 感觉存储\n\n![](assets/1641364406014103_Copy_101.png)\n\n## 感觉存储的漏斗\n\n![](assets/1641364560139104_Copy_102.png)\n\n## 感觉存储过程中的语义屏蔽\n\n充耳不闻、有色眼睛看世界\n我们的词汇其实就是我们的世界（你只能看懂你认知范围内的信息）\n\n### 理解\n\n#### 你的感觉存储系统，根本就没有办法把信号传进短时记忆里，如果这一层都做不到的话就更不用说后面的记忆、分析、理解、判断。\n\n#### eg.卷积神经网络的释义：字字认识，但是还是看不懂\n\n![](assets/1641364817538105_Copy_103.png)\n\n### 术语认知过程中的语义屏蔽的利用\n\n#### 启发\n\n如果你要进入一个新行业或者是一家大公司，那么有一个小窍门，就是在面试的时候，或者跟这个行业的人交流的时候，使用他们日常生活中经常使用的专业领域词汇，比如互联网行业内的“日活月活转化率、痛点赋能最小闭环”；金融行业里的“北上南下、多头热钱、砸盘吸筹基本面”\n\n#### 学习术语的使用，快速入门行业的方法：参加两次业内人士的聚会\n\n第一次记录下大家交谈中所有你听不懂的词汇，最好是全程录音，回家后把自己听不懂的词一个个抠出来，然后去查是什么意思；搞懂之后，再参加一次业内人士的聚会，尝试用他们的语言跟他们交流，这个过程中，如果被人纠正了，那一刻你的印象会非常深刻\n\n## 短时记忆\n\n![](assets/1641365885073106_Copy_104.png)\n\n## 詹姆斯记忆系统模型\n\n![](assets/1641365969251107_Copy_105.png)\n\n## 短时回忆实验3s和12s为关键回忆时间点\n\n![](assets/1641366154559108_Copy_106.png)\n\n## 首因近因效应\n\n![](assets/1641366240365109_Copy_107.png)\n\n### 开头和结尾的内容最容易被记住\n\n## 雷斯多夫效应\n\n### 如果一堆普遍的事物中突显一个怪异的个例，那么个例更容易被记住\n\n## 控制处理器\n\n## 选择性注意\n\n### 理解\n\n#### 鸡尾酒会现象\n\n当你在鸡尾酒会上和人聊天时，在三米开外处有人说到你的名字，这时你就会把注意力突然放在那里，而全然忽略了眼前正在谈话的人\n\n#### 确保他人明白你的表达：复述\n\n#### 团队管理技巧：如何帮助下属成长\n\n16字要诀：我说你听，你说我听，我做你看，你做我看\n\n### 刻意选择\n\n### 随意选择\n\n## 意识\n\n## AWAREness模型\n\n### 注意（attention）\n\n#### 专注力\n\n### 觉醒（wakefulness）\n\n#### 大脑的清醒程度（状态）\n\n### 构筑（architecture）\n\n#### 承载我们意识的具体大脑位置\n\n### 知识（recall of knowledge）\n\n#### 自我知识\n\n#### 世界知识\n\n### 情感（emotive)\n\n#### 事物都有的色彩\n\n意识通常都掺杂着情感的底色，其实，你观察任何事物的时候，都会有一种原始的厌恶或喜欢的感情在里面，所以情感其实是意识最不为人知的组成部分\n\n## 意识的功能\n\n![](assets/1641380240499112_Copy_110.png)\n\n### 元认知：自省\n\n自省\n![](assets/1641380302145113_Copy_111.png)\n\n#### 理解：另外一个我在观察那个正在认识世界的我，同时也在观察那个我在认识世界的过程\n\n#### 功能：无限叠加层次性\n\n- 研究如何做桌子的方法\n\n  - 研究如何做桌子的方法的方法对不对\n\n#### 方法：丰田5why分析法\n\n如果你想要了解一件事情发生背后的原因\n这里的“5”是一个虚数，可以是3也可以是10，就是打破砂锅问到底的意思\n\n- 连续追问下去到底\n\n## 长时记忆\n\n![](assets/1641380897191114_Copy_112.png)\n\n## 外显记忆（what）（知）\n\n### 理解：自行车有两个轮子，一个车把和一个车身框架，留在大脑新皮质\n\n### 分类\n\n#### 情景记忆\n\n画面、场景、具体的事件\n\n- 记忆成本低（讲故事）\n\n- 容易改变，容易遗失，元素易随时间发生替换\n\n  - 主观性记忆篡改世界\n\n    - 省略\n\n我们会本能的把不合逻辑或者不符合我们期望的信息忽略掉。比如推卸责任就是典型的省略本能在发挥作用\n\n    - 合理化\n\n我们有时候会不自觉的添加一些信息，来帮助解释某些不协调的地方；比如过去有的人去美国旅游看到示威游行会主观认为那是种自由的象征，而忽略了其中的一些问题\n\n    - 信息转换\n\n我们的记忆会把不熟悉的词汇换成自己更加熟悉的词汇\n\n    - 顺序调换\n\n把自己印象深刻的事情提前，把不熟悉的不自觉靠后了\n\n    - 个人态度\n\n价值观影响事物的色彩\n\n  - 自我记忆图示\n\n![](assets/1641382378827115_Copy_113.png)\n\n    - 和自己相关的记忆最深，很多事情会受其影响，形成心结\n\n    - 解决\n\n![](assets/1641382664324116_Copy_114.png)\n\n- 启示\n\n凭借经验办事情随着时间的推移，就会越来越不靠谱\n\n#### 语义记忆\n\n对词汇、概念和抽象观念的记忆\n\n- 记忆非常艰难\n\n- 比较抽象，不容易出现随意替代的现象\n\n- 启示\n\n凭借方法论做事情，随着时间推移，会一直保持稳定发挥\n\n## 内隐记忆（how）（行）\n\n### 理解：但骑车只能通过实际去做才能表明我们知道怎么骑，留在的脑边缘系统和小脑里头\n\n## 遗忘\n\n## 艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线\n\n![](assets/1641382711821117_Copy_115.png)\n\n### 记忆与时间\n\n## 耶克斯—道森法则\n\n![](assets/1641382747282118_Copy_116.png)\n\n### 记忆与压力\n\n## 认知系统\n\n![](assets/1641382870399119_Copy_117.png)\n\n## 头脑不清醒\n\n![](assets/1641383029320120_Copy_118.png)\n\n## 如何让头脑保持清醒\n\n![](assets/1641383106526121_Copy_119.png)\n"
}