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  "contentMarkdown": "# 工厂模式\n> 创建时间：2020/5/19 11:41\n\n## 工厂模式\n\n## 概念\n\n### 作用：\n\n创建者和调用者分离\n\n### 分类\n\n  * 简单工厂（静态工厂）模式：用来生产同一等级结构中的任意产品（对于增加新的产品，需要修改已有代码)\n\n  * 工厂方法模式：用来生产同一等级结构中的固定产品（支持增加任意产品）\n\n  * 抽象工厂模式： **围绕一个超级工厂创建其他工厂。该超级工厂又称为其他工厂的工厂。**\n\n### 原则\n\n  * 开闭原则：一个软件的实体应当对扩展开放，对修改关闭\n\n  * 依赖倒置原则：要针对接口编程，不针对实现编程\n\n  * 迪米特法则(Law of Demeter)：只与你直接的朋友通信，而避免和陌生人通信\n又叫作最少知识原则（Least Knowledge Principle,LKP）：一个类对于其他类知道的越少越好\n\n### 核心本质\n\n  * 实例化对象不使用new，用工厂方法代替\n\n  * 将选择实现类，创建对象统一管理和控制。从而将调用者跟我们的实现类解耦\n\n### 对比\n\n结构复杂度：simple\n代码复杂度：simple\n编程复杂度：simple\n管理上的复杂度：simple\n\n根据设计原则：Factory Method\n根据实际业务：simple\n\n## 抽象工厂模式\n\n### 定义\n\n提供了创建一系列相关或者相互依赖对象的接口，无需指定他们具体的类\n\n![Alt text](assets/0001 - 工厂模式__QQ截图20200519122846.png)\n\n### 适用场景\n\n  * 客户端（应用层）不依赖于产品类实例如何被创建、实现等细节\n\n  * 强调一系列相关的产品对象（属于同一产品族）一起使用创建对象需要大量的重复代码\n\n  * 提供一个产品类的库，所有的产品以同样的接口出现，从而使得客户端不依赖于具体的实现\n\n### 相关概念\n\n产品族\n产品等级\n\n### 优点\n\n  * 具体产品在应用层的代码隔离，无需关心创建细节\n\n  * 将一个系列的产品统一到一起创建\n\n### 缺点\n\n  * 规定了所有可能被创建的产品集合，产品族中扩展新的产品困难\n\n  * 增加了系统的抽象性和理解难度\n"
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