{ "schemaVersion": "0.11.0", "canonical": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/example-main-program-elf/", "atlas": "https://www.pystone.net/?node=example-main-program-elf#knowledge-atlas", "markdown": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/example-main-program-elf.md", "context": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/example-main-program-elf.context.json", "knowledgeVersion": "224c990773de.5fa8af6e39fa", "build": { "siteCommit": "224c990773de166d23a886306577dd90379529ce", "notesCommit": "5fa8af6e39fa3891d1b9b4832bfa6c4e0ecaaf0a", "builtAt": "1970-01-01T00:00:00.000Z", "version": "224c990773de.5fa8af6e39fa" }, "id": "note:example-main-program-elf", "slug": "example-main-program-elf", "title": "示例：main_program elf", "type": "note", "visibility": "public", "idStability": "rename-stable", "author": { "name": "Perrin Yong", "profile": "https://www.pystone.net/profile/" }, "publisher": { "name": "Perrin Yong", "profile": "https://www.pystone.net/profile/" }, "aliases": [], "summary": "示例：main program elf", "contentRole": "unspecified", "isMoc": false, "mocRecognition": "none", "generated": false, "attribution": "unspecified", "domain": "10-计算机、信息技术与工程", "tags": [], "mocs": [], "contentHash": "652a041c75a50c0288a8a8eecaed12362183d8d1f5ebf795cd3a789f10e70a0d", "assets": [], "headings": [ { "depth": 1, "text": "示例：mainprogram elf", "anchor": "示例mainprogram-elf", "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/example-main-program-elf/#%E7%A4%BA%E4%BE%8Bmainprogram-elf" } ], "claims": [], "outgoing": [], "incoming": [ { "id": "note:programming-languages-and-runtimes", "title": "编程语言与运行时", "url": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/programming-languages-and-runtimes/", "atlas": "https://www.pystone.net/?node=programming-languages-and-runtimes#knowledge-atlas", "label": "编程语言与运行时", "origin": "explicit", "humanReviewed": true, "context": "示例：mainprogram elf", "citation": "https://www.pystone.net/notes/programming-languages-and-runtimes/#%E6%9C%AC%E5%B1%82" } ], "contentMarkdown": "# 示例：main_program elf\n\n# 示例：main_program elf\n\n\n\n```c\n// main_program.c\n#include \n\nextern int add(int, int); // 声明外部函数\n\nint main() {\n int result = add(3, 5); // 调用共享库中的函数\n printf(\"Result: %d\\n\", result);\n return 0;\n}\n\n```\n\n```yaml\n\nreadelf -a main_program\nELF Header:\n Magic: 7f 45 4c 46 02 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00\n Class: ELF64\n Data: 2's complement, little endian\n Version: 1 (current)\n OS/ABI: UNIX - System V\n ABI Version: 0\n Type: DYN (Shared object file)\n Machine: Advanced Micro Devices X86-64\n Version: 0x1\n Entry point address: 0x640\n Start of program headers: 64 (bytes into file)\n Start of section headers: 6480 (bytes into file)\n Flags: 0x0\n Size of this header: 64 (bytes)\n Size of program headers: 56 (bytes)\n Number of program headers: 9\n Size of section headers: 64 (bytes)\n Number of section headers: 29\n Section header string table index: 28\n\nSection Headers:\n [Nr] Name Type Address Offset\n Size EntSize Flags Link Info Align\n [ 0] NULL 0000000000000000 00000000\n 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0 0 0\n [ 1] .interp PROGBITS 0000000000000238 00000238\n 000000000000001c 0000000000000000 A 0 0 1\n [ 2] .note.ABI-tag NOTE 0000000000000254 00000254\n 0000000000000020 0000000000000000 A 0 0 4\n [ 3] .note.gnu.build-i NOTE 0000000000000274 00000274\n 0000000000000024 0000000000000000 A 0 0 4\n [ 4] .gnu.hash GNU_HASH 0000000000000298 00000298\n 0000000000000038 0000000000000000 A 5 0 8\n [ 5] .dynsym DYNSYM 00000000000002d0 000002d0\n 0000000000000138 0000000000000018 A 6 1 8\n [ 6] .dynstr STRTAB 0000000000000408 00000408\n 00000000000000b6 0000000000000000 A 0 0 1\n [ 7] .gnu.version VERSYM 00000000000004be 000004be\n 000000000000001a 0000000000000002 A 5 0 2\n [ 8] .gnu.version_r VERNEED 00000000000004d8 000004d8\n 0000000000000020 0000000000000000 A 6 1 8\n [ 9] .rela.dyn RELA 00000000000004f8 000004f8\n 00000000000000c0 0000000000000018 A 5 0 8\n [10] .rela.plt RELA 00000000000005b8 000005b8\n 0000000000000030 0000000000000018 AI 5 22 8\n [11] .init PROGBITS 00000000000005e8 000005e8\n 0000000000000017 0000000000000000 AX 0 0 4\n [12] .plt PROGBITS 0000000000000600 00000600\n 0000000000000030 0000000000000010 AX 0 0 16\n [13] .plt.got PROGBITS 0000000000000630 00000630\n 0000000000000008 0000000000000008 AX 0 0 8\n [14] .text PROGBITS 0000000000000640 00000640\n 00000000000001c2 0000000000000000 AX 0 0 16\n [15] .fini PROGBITS 0000000000000804 00000804\n 0000000000000009 0000000000000000 AX 0 0 4\n [16] .rodata PROGBITS 0000000000000810 00000810\n 0000000000000010 0000000000000000 A 0 0 4\n [17] .eh_frame_hdr PROGBITS 0000000000000820 00000820\n 000000000000003c 0000000000000000 A 0 0 4\n [18] .eh_frame PROGBITS 0000000000000860 00000860\n 0000000000000108 0000000000000000 A 0 0 8\n [19] .init_array INIT_ARRAY 0000000000200da0 00000da0\n 0000000000000008 0000000000000008 WA 0 0 8\n [20] .fini_array FINI_ARRAY 0000000000200da8 00000da8\n 0000000000000008 0000000000000008 WA 0 0 8\n [21] .dynamic DYNAMIC 0000000000200db0 00000db0\n 0000000000000200 0000000000000010 WA 6 0 8\n [22] .got PROGBITS 0000000000200fb0 00000fb0\n 0000000000000050 0000000000000008 WA 0 0 8\n [23] .data PROGBITS 0000000000201000 00001000\n 0000000000000010 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 8\n [24] .bss NOBITS 0000000000201010 00001010\n 0000000000000008 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 1\n [25] .comment PROGBITS 0000000000000000 00001010\n 0000000000000029 0000000000000001 MS 0 0 1\n [26] .symtab SYMTAB 0000000000000000 00001040\n 0000000000000600 0000000000000018 27 43 8\n [27] .strtab STRTAB 0000000000000000 00001640\n 0000000000000210 0000000000000000 0 0 1\n [28] .shstrtab STRTAB 0000000000000000 00001850\n 00000000000000fe 0000000000000000 0 0 1\nKey to Flags:\n W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings), I (info),\n L (link order), O (extra OS processing required), G (group), T (TLS),\n C (compressed), x (unknown), o (OS specific), E (exclude),\n l (large), p (processor specific)\n\nThere are no section groups in this file.\n\nProgram Headers:\n Type Offset VirtAddr PhysAddr\n FileSiz MemSiz Flags Align\n PHDR 0x0000000000000040 0x0000000000000040 0x0000000000000040\n 0x00000000000001f8 0x00000000000001f8 R 0x8\n INTERP 0x0000000000000238 0x0000000000000238 0x0000000000000238\n 0x000000000000001c 0x000000000000001c R 0x1\n [Requesting program interpreter: /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]\n LOAD 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000\n 0x0000000000000968 0x0000000000000968 R E 0x200000\n LOAD 0x0000000000000da0 0x0000000000200da0 0x0000000000200da0\n 0x0000000000000270 0x0000000000000278 RW 0x200000\n DYNAMIC 0x0000000000000db0 0x0000000000200db0 0x0000000000200db0\n 0x0000000000000200 0x0000000000000200 RW 0x8\n NOTE 0x0000000000000254 0x0000000000000254 0x0000000000000254\n 0x0000000000000044 0x0000000000000044 R 0x4\n GNU_EH_FRAME 0x0000000000000820 0x0000000000000820 0x0000000000000820\n 0x000000000000003c 0x000000000000003c R 0x4\n GNU_STACK 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000\n 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 RW 0x10\n GNU_RELRO 0x0000000000000da0 0x0000000000200da0 0x0000000000200da0\n 0x0000000000000260 0x0000000000000260 R 0x1\n\n Section to Segment mapping:\n Segment Sections...\n 00\n 01 .interp\n 02 .interp .note.ABI-tag .note.gnu.build-id .gnu.hash .dynsym .dynstr .gnu.version .gnu.version_r .rela.dyn .rela.plt .init .plt .plt.got .text .fini .rodata .eh_frame_hdr .eh_frame\n 03 .init_array .fini_array .dynamic .got .data .bss\n 04 .dynamic\n 05 .note.ABI-tag .note.gnu.build-id\n 06 .eh_frame_hdr\n 07\n 08 .init_array .fini_array .dynamic .got\n\nDynamic section at offset 0xdb0 contains 28 entries:\n Tag Type Name/Value\n 0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libadd.so]\n 0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libc.so.6]\n 0x000000000000000c (INIT) 0x5e8\n 0x000000000000000d (FINI) 0x804\n 0x0000000000000019 (INIT_ARRAY) 0x200da0\n 0x000000000000001b (INIT_ARRAYSZ) 8 (bytes)\n 0x000000000000001a (FINI_ARRAY) 0x200da8\n 0x000000000000001c (FINI_ARRAYSZ) 8 (bytes)\n 0x000000006ffffef5 (GNU_HASH) 0x298\n 0x0000000000000005 (STRTAB) 0x408\n 0x0000000000000006 (SYMTAB) 0x2d0\n 0x000000000000000a (STRSZ) 182 (bytes)\n 0x000000000000000b (SYMENT) 24 (bytes)\n 0x0000000000000015 (DEBUG) 0x0\n 0x0000000000000003 (PLTGOT) 0x200fb0\n 0x0000000000000002 (PLTRELSZ) 48 (bytes)\n 0x0000000000000014 (PLTREL) RELA\n 0x0000000000000017 (JMPREL) 0x5b8\n 0x0000000000000007 (RELA) 0x4f8\n 0x0000000000000008 (RELASZ) 192 (bytes)\n 0x0000000000000009 (RELAENT) 24 (bytes)\n 0x000000000000001e (FLAGS) BIND_NOW\n 0x000000006ffffffb (FLAGS_1) Flags: NOW PIE\n 0x000000006ffffffe (VERNEED) 0x4d8\n 0x000000006fffffff (VERNEEDNUM) 1\n 0x000000006ffffff0 (VERSYM) 0x4be\n 0x000000006ffffff9 (RELACOUNT) 3\n 0x0000000000000000 (NULL) 0x0\n\nRelocation section '.rela.dyn' at offset 0x4f8 contains 8 entries:\n Offset Info Type Sym. Value Sym. Name + Addend\n000000200da0 000000000008 R_X86_64_RELATIVE 740\n000000200da8 000000000008 R_X86_64_RELATIVE 700\n000000201008 000000000008 R_X86_64_RELATIVE 201008\n000000200fd8 000100000006 R_X86_64_GLOB_DAT 0000000000000000 _ITM_deregisterTMClone + 0\n000000200fe0 000400000006 R_X86_64_GLOB_DAT 0000000000000000 __libc_start_main@GLIBC_2.2.5 + 0\n000000200fe8 000500000006 R_X86_64_GLOB_DAT 0000000000000000 __gmon_start__ + 0\n000000200ff0 000600000006 R_X86_64_GLOB_DAT 0000000000000000 _ITM_registerTMCloneTa + 0\n000000200ff8 000700000006 R_X86_64_GLOB_DAT 0000000000000000 __cxa_finalize@GLIBC_2.2.5 + 0\n\nRelocation section '.rela.plt' at offset 0x5b8 contains 2 entries:\n Offset Info Type Sym. Value Sym. Name + Addend\n000000200fc8 000200000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 add + 0\n000000200fd0 000300000007 R_X86_64_JUMP_SLO 0000000000000000 printf@GLIBC_2.2.5 + 0\n\nThe decoding of unwind sections for machine type Advanced Micro Devices X86-64 is not currently supported.\n\nSymbol table '.dynsym' contains 13 entries:\n Num: Value Size Type Bind Vis Ndx Name\n 0: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE LOCAL DEFAULT UND\n 1: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE WEAK DEFAULT UND _ITM_deregisterTMCloneTab\n 2: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND add\n 3: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND printf@GLIBC_2.2.5 (2)\n 4: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND __libc_start_main@GLIBC_2.2.5 (2)\n 5: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE WEAK DEFAULT UND __gmon_start__\n 6: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE WEAK DEFAULT UND _ITM_registerTMCloneTable\n 7: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC WEAK DEFAULT UND __cxa_finalize@GLIBC_2.2.5 (2)\n 8: 0000000000201010 0 NOTYPE GLOBAL DEFAULT 23 _edata\n 9: 0000000000201018 0 NOTYPE GLOBAL DEFAULT 24 _end\n 10: 0000000000201010 0 NOTYPE GLOBAL DEFAULT 24 __bss_start\n 11: 00000000000005e8 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 11 _init\n 12: 0000000000000804 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 15 _fini\n\nSymbol table '.symtab' contains 64 entries:\n Num: Value Size Type Bind Vis Ndx Name\n 0: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE LOCAL DEFAULT UND\n 1: 0000000000000238 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 1\n 2: 0000000000000254 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 2\n 3: 0000000000000274 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 3\n 4: 0000000000000298 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 4\n 5: 00000000000002d0 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 5\n 6: 0000000000000408 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 6\n 7: 00000000000004be 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 7\n 8: 00000000000004d8 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 8\n 9: 00000000000004f8 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 9\n 10: 00000000000005b8 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 10\n 11: 00000000000005e8 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 11\n 12: 0000000000000600 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 12\n 13: 0000000000000630 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 13\n 14: 0000000000000640 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 14\n 15: 0000000000000804 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 15\n 16: 0000000000000810 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 16\n 17: 0000000000000820 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 17\n 18: 0000000000000860 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 18\n 19: 0000000000200da0 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 19\n 20: 0000000000200da8 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 20\n 21: 0000000000200db0 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 21\n 22: 0000000000200fb0 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 22\n 23: 0000000000201000 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 23\n 24: 0000000000201010 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 24\n 25: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 25\n 26: 0000000000000000 0 FILE LOCAL DEFAULT ABS crtstuff.c\n 27: 0000000000000670 0 FUNC LOCAL DEFAULT 14 deregister_tm_clones\n 28: 00000000000006b0 0 FUNC LOCAL DEFAULT 14 register_tm_clones\n 29: 0000000000000700 0 FUNC LOCAL DEFAULT 14 __do_global_dtors_aux\n 30: 0000000000201010 1 OBJECT LOCAL DEFAULT 24 completed.7698\n 31: 0000000000200da8 0 OBJECT LOCAL DEFAULT 20 __do_global_dtors_aux_fin\n 32: 0000000000000740 0 FUNC LOCAL DEFAULT 14 frame_dummy\n 33: 0000000000200da0 0 OBJECT LOCAL DEFAULT 19 __frame_dummy_init_array_\n 34: 0000000000000000 0 FILE LOCAL DEFAULT ABS main_program.c\n 35: 0000000000000000 0 FILE LOCAL DEFAULT ABS crtstuff.c\n 36: 0000000000000964 0 OBJECT LOCAL DEFAULT 18 __FRAME_END__\n 37: 0000000000000000 0 FILE LOCAL DEFAULT ABS\n 38: 0000000000200da8 0 NOTYPE LOCAL DEFAULT 19 __init_array_end\n 39: 0000000000200db0 0 OBJECT LOCAL DEFAULT 21 _DYNAMIC\n 40: 0000000000200da0 0 NOTYPE LOCAL DEFAULT 19 __init_array_start\n 41: 0000000000000820 0 NOTYPE LOCAL DEFAULT 17 __GNU_EH_FRAME_HDR\n 42: 0000000000200fb0 0 OBJECT LOCAL DEFAULT 22 _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_\n 43: 0000000000000800 2 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 14 __libc_csu_fini\n 44: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE WEAK DEFAULT UND _ITM_deregisterTMCloneTab\n 45: 0000000000201000 0 NOTYPE WEAK DEFAULT 23 data_start\n 46: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND add\n 47: 0000000000201010 0 NOTYPE GLOBAL DEFAULT 23 _edata\n 48: 0000000000000804 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 15 _fini\n 49: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND printf@@GLIBC_2.2.5\n 50: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT UND __libc_start_main@@GLIBC_\n 51: 0000000000201000 0 NOTYPE GLOBAL DEFAULT 23 __data_start\n 52: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE WEAK DEFAULT UND __gmon_start__\n 53: 0000000000201008 0 OBJECT GLOBAL HIDDEN 23 __dso_handle\n 54: 0000000000000810 4 OBJECT GLOBAL DEFAULT 16 _IO_stdin_used\n 55: 0000000000000790 101 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 14 __libc_csu_init\n 56: 0000000000201018 0 NOTYPE GLOBAL DEFAULT 24 _end\n 57: 0000000000000640 43 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 14 _start\n 58: 0000000000201010 0 NOTYPE GLOBAL DEFAULT 24 __bss_start\n 59: 000000000000074a 55 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 14 main\n 60: 0000000000201010 0 OBJECT GLOBAL HIDDEN 23 __TMC_END__\n 61: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE WEAK DEFAULT UND _ITM_registerTMCloneTable\n 62: 0000000000000000 0 FUNC WEAK DEFAULT UND __cxa_finalize@@GLIBC_2.2\n 63: 00000000000005e8 0 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 11 _init\n\nHistogram for .gnu.hash' bucket list length (total of 3 buckets):\n Length Number % of total Coverage\n 0 0 ( 0.0%)\n 1 1 ( 33.3%) 20.0%\n 2 2 ( 66.7%) 100.0%\n\nVersion symbols section '.gnu.version' contains 13 entries:\n Addr: 00000000000004be Offset: 0x0004be Link: 5 (.dynsym)\n 000: 0 (*local*) 0 (*local*) 0 (*local*) 2 (GLIBC_2.2.5)\n 004: 2 (GLIBC_2.2.5) 0 (*local*) 0 (*local*) 2 (GLIBC_2.2.5)\n 008: 1 (*global*) 1 (*global*) 1 (*global*) 1 (*global*)\n 00c: 1 (*global*)\n\nVersion needs section '.gnu.version_r' contains 1 entry:\n Addr: 0x00000000000004d8 Offset: 0x0004d8 Link: 6 (.dynstr)\n 000000: Version: 1 File: libc.so.6 Cnt: 1\n 0x0010: Name: GLIBC_2.2.5 Flags: none Version: 2\n\nDisplaying notes found in: .note.ABI-tag\n Owner Data size Description\n GNU 0x00000010 NT_GNU_ABI_TAG (ABI version tag)\n OS: Linux, ABI: 3.2.0\n\nDisplaying notes found in: .note.gnu.build-id\n Owner Data size Description\n GNU 0x00000014 NT_GNU_BUILD_ID (unique build ID bitstring)\n Build ID: 1a98050da8e372ee5ca3d1f359d6171357277bd4\n```\n" }