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  "contentMarkdown": "# IL语言学习\n\n> 创建时间：2020/4/28 16:48\n\n<https://www.cnblogs.com/zery/p/3366175.html>\n<https://www.cnblogs.com/zery/p/3376973.html>\n<https://blog.csdn.net/u012395622/article/details/46545349>\n<https://www.cnblogs.com/yuanyang/p/5422351.html>\n\n操作码文档（包括操作码的用法和特点）：\n<https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/api/system.reflection.emit.opcodes?view=netcore-3.1>\n\n### 概念引入\n\n### 常用操作码\n\nnop:即No Operation 没有任何操作，我们也不用管它，\nldstr.:即Load String 把字符串加压入Evaluation Stack中\nstloc.：把Evaluation Stack中的值弹出赋值到Call Stack中的Record Frame中\nldloc.:把Call Stack中的Record Frame中指定位置的值取出(copy)存入 Evaluation Stack中 以上两条指令为相互的操作stloc赋值，ldloc取值\ncall: 调用指定的方法\nret: 即return 标记返回\n\n#### 三种call的区别\n\n**Call** :常用于调用编译时就确定的方法，可以直接去元数据里找方法，如静态函数，实例方法，也可以call虚方法，不过只是call这个类型本身的虚方法，和实例的方法性质一样。另外，call不做null检测。\n\n**Calli** : MSDN上讲是间接调用指针指向的函数。\n\n**Callvirt** : 可以调用实例方法和虚方法，调用虚方法时以多态方式调用，不能调用静态方法。Callvirt调用时会做null检测，如果实例是null，会抛出NullReferenceException，所以速度上比call慢点。\n\n### ProjectAuditor中分析到的指令\n\nNewobj：创建一个值类型的新对象或新实例，并将对象引用（O 类型）推送到计算堆栈上。\n\nNewarr：将对新的从零开始的一维数组（其元素属于特定类型）的对象引用推送到计算堆栈上。\n\nBox：将值类转换为对象引用（O 类型）。\n\nCall：调用由传递的方法说明符指示的方法。\n\nCallvirt：对对象调用后期绑定方法，并且将返回值推送到计算堆栈上。\n\nRet：从当前方法返回，并将返回值（如果存在）从调用方的计算堆栈推送到被调用方的计算堆栈上。\n"
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